Energy Conversion in Photosynthesis: A Paradigm for Solar Fuel Production

Solar energy has the capacity to fulfill global human energy demands in an environmentally and socially responsible manner, provided efficient, low-cost systems can be developed for its capture, conversion, and storage. Toward these ends, a molecular-based understanding of the fundamental principles and mechanistic details of energy conversion in photosynthesis is indispensable. This review addresses aspects of photosynthesis that may prove auspicious to emerging technologies. Conversely, areas in which human ingenuity may offer innovative solutions, resulting in enhanced energy storage efficiencies in artificial photosynthetic constructs, are considered. Emphasis is placed on photoelectrochemical systems that utilize water as a source of electrons for the production of solar fuels.